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Cardiorenal Disease in COVID-19 Patients
Muhtasham Sifaat1, Pinak Patel1, Razan Sheikh1
1DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 9737 Cogdill Rd, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA.
Summary
This review examines how comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension worsen COVID-19 severity. It highlights the role of the ACE2 receptor and endothelial dysfunction in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents varied severity.
- Comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and renal disease are linked to severe COVID-19 outcomes and mortality.
- The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor is the primary entry point for SARS-CoV-2 into human cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the association between cardiorenal disease and COVID-19.
- To discuss the management strategies for patients with both conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on COVID-19, cardiorenal disease, and ACE2.
- Analysis of the role of genetic mutations, spike proteins, and comorbidities in disease progression.
Main Results:
- Mutations and spike protein variations influence viral fusion and disease severity.
- Comorbidities, particularly metabolic syndrome components, are associated with increased COVID-19 morbidity.
- Endothelial dysfunction and increased ACE2 expression are critical in COVID-19 complications.
Conclusions:
- Cardiorenal disease significantly impacts COVID-19 severity and mortality.
- Understanding the interplay between ACE2, endothelial function, and comorbidities is crucial for managing COVID-19 patients.
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