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Thinking Outside the Tooth: Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Neuropathic Orofacial Pain
Akihiro Ando1, Phuu P Han2, Seena Patel3
1Ando Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine Clinic, 8-12-8 Todoroki Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-0082, Japan; Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
Abstract:
Nonodontogenic orofacial pain exists, and diagnosis and management of those conditions can be challenging. This article highlights and discusses how to take a complete and systematic pain history and the important red flags to recognize in patients presenting with perplexing nonodontogenic orofacial pain. Cause and epidemiology, clinical presentation, clinical evaluation and diagnosis, and management options for common neuropathic pain conditions are included. Neuralgia and neuropathic pain conditions and red flags as secondary cause of orofacial pain are more common in older-aged patients.
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