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Rabies in the Tropics.

Charles E Rupprecht1,2, Reeta S Mani3, Philip P Mshelbwala4,5

  • 1LYSSA LLC, Atlanta, GA USA.

Current Tropical Medicine Reports
|April 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rabies, a neglected tropical disease, requires enhanced laboratory surveillance to understand its complex transmission dynamics in animals and humans. Improved detection and a One Health approach are crucial for effective prevention and control strategies.

Keywords:
EncephalitisLyssavirusNeglected tropical diseasesProphylaxisRabiesZoonosis

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Rabies remains a significant neglected tropical disease (NTD) with a substantial global burden.
  • Complex interactions between viral species, diverse mammalian reservoirs, and exposed populations complicate disease management.
  • Despite available vaccines, rabies continues to cause high mortality, highlighting gaps in current control measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on the underestimated tropical burden of rabies.
  • To highlight the role of laboratory-based surveillance in understanding pathogen spread and transmission risks.
  • To emphasize the need for a One Health approach for rabies detection and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research and peer-reviewed communications on rabies.
  • Analysis of data reporting on human and animal rabies cases.
  • Evaluation of laboratory-based surveillance strategies for pathogen detection.

Main Results:

  • A significant gap exists between reported rabies cases and the data needed for global program goals.
  • Existing surveillance data may not fully capture the true extent of rabies in enzootic areas.
  • Laboratory surveillance is vital for tracking pathogen spread and informing targeted prevention.

Conclusions:

  • A One Health approach integrating human, domestic animal, and wildlife surveillance is essential for rabies control.
  • Improved laboratory-based surveillance is critical for early detection and management at the source.
  • More effective strategies are needed to prevent rabies spread from enzootic to rabies-free regions.