Robot-Assisted Surgery for Endometriosis Current and Future Perspectives

Successful resection of all visible lesions may effectively treat endometriosis-related infertility and pelvic pain. Minimally invasive surgery provides significant advantages, with lower rates of surgical complications such as surgical trauma, infection, postoperative pain, and hospital stay. Robotic surgery is shown to have similar perioperative outcomes to conventional laparoscopy; however, complex stage III and IV endometriosis, especially cases requiring significant resection such as deep infiltrating endometriosis, widespread peritoneal implants, and urologic and intestinal involvement, may benefit most from a robotic approach. There are certain aspects of endometriosis surgery where utilization of robotic technology might provide an additional benefit. These include (1) heterogeneity of lesions, and thus difficulty in identification; (2) difficulty in accurately predicting surgical complexity; and (3) prolonged operative time for complex cases. The objective of this review is to describe the current and future perspectives of robotic surgery as it pertains to endometriosis.