[Gene expression profiling in melanoma diagnostics: problems and future application in clinical practice]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Melanoma diagnosis is challenging for pathologists due to overlapping morphological features.
• Current immunohistochemical markers show insufficient effectiveness for accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
• Histopathology faces limitations in distinguishing certain malignant neoplasms, including melanocytic ones.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review modern alternative diagnostic methods for malignant tumors.
• To explore gene expression assessment as a potential diagnostic tool.
• To evaluate the future clinical application of molecular diagnostic tests in pathology.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on diagnostic methods for malignant neoplasms.
• Analysis of gene expression assessment techniques.
• Evaluation of objectivity and reliability of molecular markers.

Main Results:

• Gene expression analysis presents a modern approach to diagnosing malignant tumors.
• These methods offer improved objectivity and reliability compared to some existing markers.
• Potential for integration with histopathological methods is highlighted.

Conclusions:

• Gene expression profiling may supplement histopathology in diagnosing melanocytic neoplasms.
• This approach could shift diagnostic paradigms by incorporating molecular information.
• Future clinical application of these advanced diagnostic tests is anticipated.