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Porphyromonas gingivalis as a Model Organism for Assessing Interaction of Anaerobic Bacteria with Host Cells

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Published on: December 17, 2015

Microbial-stem cell interactions in periodontal disease.

Jordan M Iliopoulos¹, Pierre Layrolle², Danae A Apatzidou³

¹School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.

Journal of Medical Microbiology

|April 22, 2022

Summary

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) interact with oral microbes to influence periodontal disease. Understanding these interactions is key to improving tissue regeneration and host defense against pathogens.

Keywords:

inflammation mesenchymal stem cells periodontal ligament periodontal therapy putative periodontal pathogens regeneration

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Organotypic Tissue Model Systems for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions In Vitro

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Published on: March 28, 2025

Area of Science:

Periodontology
Stem Cell Biology
Microbiology

Background:

Periodontitis involves hyper-inflammation and microbial dysbiosis, leading to periodontal tissue damage and tooth loss.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for periodontal tissue homeostasis and regeneration.
MSCs interact with subgingival microbes and modulate immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To review interactions between periodontal pathogens and MSCs.
To understand mechanisms modulating periodontal tissue regeneration and host defense.
To critically discuss clinical implications of these microbial-MSC interactions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing research on microbial-MSC interactions in periodontitis.
Analysis of paracrine and direct cell-contact mechanisms.
Evaluation of MSCs' anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and regenerative functions.

Main Results:

MSCs modulate immune cell activity via paracrine signaling and direct contact.
Interactions influence MSCs' anti-inflammatory and regenerative capacities.
Understanding these interactions is vital for periodontal disease management.

Conclusions:

Microbial-MSC interactions significantly impact periodontal health and disease progression.
Targeting these interactions may enhance periodontal tissue regeneration.
Further research and ex vivo models are needed to explore these complex relationships.