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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport01:23

Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport

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Drugs need to permeate cell membranes to reach their target sites after administration. Orally administered drugs must transcend intestinal epithelial membrane barriers to infiltrate the systemic circulation. Drugs with a molecular weight of less than 500 Daltons diffuse through gaps between neighboring cells, called paracellular pathways.
However, most drugs use the transcellular route, traversing directly through the cell membranes via two mechanisms: passive and active transport. Passive...
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport01:24

Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport

1.0K
Drugs must traverse multiple biological barriers, such as multi-layered skin, single-layered intestinal epithelium, and the plasma membrane, to reach their target sites within the body. The plasma membrane, a highly structured composite of phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, is the cell's protective boundary, facilitating selective substance exchange.
Phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer, with hydrophilic heads oriented outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.
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Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral01:18

Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral

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Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
Enteral administration involves drug administration via the mouth in two ways: orally or sublingually.
Unlike sublingually drugs, drugs that are taken orally pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and get metabolized by the liver. Once metabolized, the drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation, reaching different body parts via the bloodstream. However, while passing through the stomach,...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

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Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
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Preparation and Characterization of Nanoliposomes for the Entrapment of Bioactive Hydrophilic Globular Proteins
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Nanoencapsulation Strategies for Active Compounds Delivery.

Claudia Carbone1, Carla Caddeo2, Teresa Musumeci1

  • 1Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoencapsulation is a key strategy for delivering various active agents, including natural compounds and synthetic molecules, to treat human diseases. This technology holds significant promise for advancing medical treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Nanoencapsulation involves enclosing active substances within nanoparticles.
  • This technique facilitates the targeted delivery of therapeutics for various human diseases.
  • It enables the administration of diverse agents, from natural compounds to synthetic molecules and even viruses.

Discussion:

  • The application of nanoencapsulation is a rapidly evolving field with broad therapeutic potential.
  • Challenges include optimizing nanoparticle stability, biocompatibility, and controlled release kinetics.
  • Ethical considerations and regulatory pathways for nano-based therapies are crucial.

Key Insights:

  • Nanoencapsulation enhances the efficacy and safety of therapeutic agents.
  • It allows for the precise delivery of both natural and synthetic compounds.
  • The technology is adaptable for delivering complex biologicals like viruses.

Outlook:

  • Future research will focus on developing novel nano-carriers with improved targeting capabilities.
  • Clinical translation of nanoencapsulated therapies is expected to increase.
  • Personalized medicine approaches may leverage nanoencapsulation for tailored treatments.