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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Scalable Isolation and Purification of Extracellular Vesicles from Escherichia coli and Other Bacteria
Published on: October 13, 2021
[The extracellular vesicles from gram-positive bacteria: a review]
Yanyan Ge1, Zihan Li1, Xinyue Wang1
1School of Biological Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
Abstract:
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), also known as membrane vesicles, are vesicular bodies secreted by eukaryotic cells and bacteria. EVs can carry proteins, DNA, RNA, and various metabolites for the exchange and transmission of substances between cells. They play contents-dependent physiological functions, such as delivering nutrients, participating in immune response, and treating cancers. Currently, most studies focus on the exploration of vesicles secreted by eukaryotic cells and gram-negative bacteria, while few studies focus on gram-positive bacteria. This review summarized the production, content composition, physiological function, and engineering of EVs secreted by gram-positive bacteria, and prospected future perspectives in this area.
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