Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

723
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
723
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

117.8K
Overview
117.8K
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

5.5K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
5.5K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

1.2K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
1.2K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

984
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
984
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

7.3K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
7.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Ste20 kinase TAOK3 restrains Rac-driven cytoskeletal-mitochondrial coupling to preserve naive CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell homeostasis and activation.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Endothelial cells notch monocytes toward an alveolar macrophage fate.

The Journal of experimental medicine·2026
Same author

Multivalent Antibody-Recruiting Molecules for Targeted Immune-Killing of Carbonic Anhydrase IX-Expressing Cancer Cells.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Marker-Agnostic Tumor Anchoring Chimeras Enable pH-Gated Immune Engagement.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Protocol for mapping murine myeloid bone marrow progenitors and their differentiation into CD103<sup>+</sup> cDC1s and CD301b<sup>+</sup> cDC2s.

STAR protocols·2026
Same author

HIF-1α<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells coordinate a tissue-resident immune cell network in the lung.

Immunity·2026
Same journal

The Neuroimmune Circuitry of Peripheral Sensory Neuron Subtypes in Chronic Pain.

Annual review of immunology·2026
Same journal

The Spectrum of Fibroblast Immune Biology.

Annual review of immunology·2026
Same journal

The Molecular Logic of Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Class Switch Recombination.

Annual review of immunology·2026
Same journal

Decoding Human T Cell Immunity with Artificial Intelligence and Single-Cell Genomics.

Annual review of immunology·2026
Same journal

Immune Niches in Cancer.

Annual review of immunology·2026
Same journal

T Cell Receptor Signaling and Immune Tolerance: From Autoimmunity to Cancer Immunity.

Annual review of immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.6K

Emerging Paradigms in Type 2 Immunity.

Hamida Hammad1,2, Nincy Debeuf1,2, Helena Aegerter1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium;

Annual Review of Immunology
|April 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Type 2 immunity, traditionally linked to parasite defense, also aids homeostasis and toxin clearance. Recent research reveals cell heterogeneity within type 2 immunity, uncovering new roles in viral infections, cancer, and metabolic health.

Keywords:
cancermetabolismneuroimmune interactionsrespiratory virusestype 2 immunity

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses
09:43

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses

Published on: March 8, 2024

1.9K
Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&#239;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

34.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.6K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses
09:43

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses

Published on: March 8, 2024

1.9K
Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&#239;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

34.8K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Type 2 immunity historically associated with anti-parasitic defense.
  • It also plays roles in homeostasis, such as toxin clearance.
  • Allergic reactions highlight detrimental aspects of type 2 immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on heterogeneity within type 2 immunity-related cells.
  • To discuss newly identified functions of these heterogeneous cell populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature and data.
  • Analysis of cell phenotype and gene signatures.

Main Results:

  • Recognition of significant cell heterogeneity within type 2 immunity.
  • Identification of specific cell subsets with distinct functions.
  • Emerging roles in viral infections (including COVID-19), cancer, and metabolic homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Type 2 immunity is more complex than previously understood, with diverse cellular players.
  • Cellular heterogeneity is key to understanding type 2 immunity's varied roles.
  • Further research into these subsets could impact disease treatment and health management.