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Vestibular Migraine: Clinical Aspects and Pathophysiology
Pavan Suresh Krishnan1, John Patrick Carey2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1201 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/pkrishhh.
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|April 28, 2022
Summary
Vestibular Migraine (VM) is a common migraine variant causing vertigo, nausea, and headache. Increased awareness and standardized treatments are needed for this condition.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Vestibular Migraine (VM) is a frequent and disabling neurological disorder.
- It is characterized by recurrent vertigo episodes alongside migraine symptoms like photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and headache.
- VM is a relatively new diagnostic entity, necessitating improved public and healthcare provider awareness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the clinical presentation of Vestibular Migraine.
- To highlight diagnostic challenges and the need for increased awareness.
- To discuss current treatment approaches for VM.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical history for diagnosis.
- Assessment of common symptoms including vertigo, photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and headache.
- Evaluation of diagnostic criteria and limitations.
Main Results:
- Diagnosis of VM relies heavily on clinical history due to the lack of reliable pathognomonic signs.
- Symptoms often overlap with other vestibular and migraine disorders, complicating diagnosis.
- No standardized treatment algorithms exist; recommendations are adapted from general migraine guidelines.
Conclusions:
- Vestibular Migraine is a significant cause of vertigo and migraine symptoms.
- Enhanced diagnostic clarity and provider education are crucial for effective management.
- Development of specific treatment protocols for VM is warranted.
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