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Related Concept Videos

Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
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Behavior Therapy01:22

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Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Is ACT-Informed Exposure a Viable Treatment for Excoriation Disorder? A Multiple Baseline Study.

Brian L Thompson1

  • 1Portland Psychotherapy Clinic, Research, & Training Center, OR, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Habit reversal training effectively reduced skin picking in excoriation disorder. Exposure therapy showed weaker results but may be a viable second-line treatment for this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Science
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Excoriation disorder (ExD) is a chronic condition characterized by repetitive skin picking.
  • Current treatments like habit reversal training (HRT) show efficacy, but adjunctive therapies are needed.
  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-informed exposure is a potential novel approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pilot ACT-informed exposure as an adjunct to HRT for ExD.
  • To assess the impact of exposure on skin picking severity and psychological flexibility.
  • To compare the effectiveness of HRT and exposure in a single-case design.

Main Methods:

  • A nonconcurrent multiple baseline single-case design was employed with four participants.
  • Participants received HRT and ACT-informed exposure in varied sequences.
  • Data collected included repeated measures and self-report on skin picking and psychological flexibility.

Main Results:

  • HRT demonstrated significant effectiveness in reducing skin picking behaviors.
  • Exposure therapy showed a weaker, less consistent impact on reducing picking compared to HRT.
  • Psychological flexibility did not consistently improve during exposure phases as predicted.

Conclusions:

  • HRT is an effective treatment for excoriation disorder.
  • ACT-informed exposure may serve as a potential second-line treatment for ExD, warranting further investigation.
  • All participants maintained treatment gains at follow-up, indicating lasting benefits.