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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
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Periventricular magnetisation transfer abnormalities in early multiple sclerosis.

Lukas Pirpamer1, Bálint Kincses2, Zsigmond Tamás Kincses3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|April 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periventricular white matter damage is evident in early multiple sclerosis (MS) and correlates with cortical thinning. Magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) changes in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) indicate microstructural alterations in MS.

Keywords:
Cortical thinningMRIMagnetisation transfer ratioMultiple sclerosisNormal-appearing white matterPeriventricular gradient

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Periventricular (PV) T2-hyperintense lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) are linked to CSF-mediated factors and subsequent cortical damage.
  • Microstructural changes in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) near lesions may reflect early disease processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate microstructural PV-changes in early MS.
  • Correlate PV-changes with cortical damage.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) in PV-NAWM and MS lesions in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
  • Related band-wise MTR values to cortical mean thickness (CMT) and compared with healthy controls (HCs).

Main Results:

  • Significantly reduced PV-MTR observed in CIS and RRMS patients compared to HCs.
  • MTR decreased towards lateral ventricles, indicating microstructural damage gradients.
  • In RRMS, MTR values correlated positively with CMT and negatively with EDSS.

Conclusions:

  • PV-MTR gradients are present from the earliest MS stages, showing microstructural white matter damage near ventricles.
  • Reduced CMT and lower MTR in PV-NAWM suggest a shared pathophysiologic mechanism.
  • Multimodal MRI may serve as refined markers for MS-related tissue changes.