Lipocalin-2 does not influence EAE clinical score but it increases inflammation in central nervous system

The contribution of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) to multiple sclerosis (MS) is controversial. Herein, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in LCN2-null and wild-type (Wt) mice. While we did not find differences between genotypes regarding clinical score, LCN2-null EAE mice presented decreased expression of interferon gamma and diminished demyelination in the cerebellum. Both genotypes presented similar alterations in the thymocyte and splenocyte populations. In MS patients, higher LCN2 CSF levels at diagnosis could be associated with faster disease progression, however further studies are needed to confirm these results, since this association was lost after controlling for the patients age, presence of oligoclonal bands and gender. Overall, our results support a harmful role for LCN2 in the disease context.