Introducing hydrophilic ultra-thin ZIF-L into mixed matrix membranes for CO₂/CH₄ separation

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were developed by mixing hydrophilically modified two-dimensional (2D) imidazole framework (named as hZIF-L) flakes into a Pebax MH 1657 (Pebax) matrix, and designed to separate carbon dioxide/methane (CO₂/CH₄) mixtures. The hZIF-L flakes were important for increasing the effectiveness of the MMMs. First, the tannic acid (TA) etched hZIF-L flakes have a large number of microporous (1.8 nm) and two-dimensional anisotropic transport channels, which offered convenient gas transport channels and improved the permeability of CO₂. Second, the TA molecules provide the surface of the ZIF-L flakes with more hydrophilic functional groups such as carbonyl groups (C[double bond, length as m-dash]O) and hydroxyl groups (-OH), which could effectively prevent non-selective interfacial voids and filler agglomeration in the Pebax matrix, and also presented strong binding ability to water and CO₂ molecules. The satisfactory interface compatibility and affinity with the CO₂ molecule promoted its permeability, solubility, and selectivity. As a result, the MMMs exhibited the highest performance of gas separation with the hZIF-L flake weight content of 5%, at which the CO₂ permeability and CO₂/CH₄ selectivity were 502.44 barrer and 33.82 at 0.2 MPa and 25 °C, respectively.