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Fabrication of paper microfluidic devices using a toner laser printer
James S Ng1, Michinao Hashimoto1,2,3
1Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore hashimoto@sutd.edu.sg +65 6499 4867.
RSC Advances
|May 6, 2022
Summary
This study presents a new, accessible method for creating microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) using a common toner laser printer. This technique overcomes limitations of previous methods, making μPADs more widely available for diagnostics and monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are crucial for point-of-care diagnostics and environmental monitoring.
- Existing fabrication methods often rely on specialized printers and materials, limiting accessibility.
- The discontinuation of wax printers necessitates alternative, widely available fabrication techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a fabrication method for μPADs using a standard toner laser printer.
- To address challenges associated with toner reflow and potential paper pyrolysis.
- To ensure the developed μPADs are suitable for reliable analytical assays.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of μPADs by printing hydrophobic toner onto filter paper using a laser printer.
- Heating the printed toner to induce reflow and create hydrophobic barriers.
- Characterization of toner spreading and assessment of cellulose pyrolysis byproducts.
- Development of a bleach-washing step to remove interfering aldehydes.
Main Results:
- Successful fabrication of μPADs using a toner laser printer.
- Optimization of toner reflow and characterization of hydrophobic barrier formation.
- Identification of aldehyde formation from cellulose pyrolysis at 200°C.
- Demonstration of aldehyde removal using aqueous bleach, enabling successful glucose and BSA assays.
Conclusions:
- A novel, accessible method for fabricating μPADs using toner laser printers has been established.
- The method is compatible with most toner laser printers, enhancing μPAD accessibility in resource-limited settings.
- The developed technique, including aldehyde removal, supports the reliable use of μPADs for various analytical applications.
