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Arsenic as hazardous pollutant: Perspectives on engineering remediation tools
Kanika Khanna1, Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli2, Pankaj Kumar3
1Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; Department of Microbiology, D.A.V University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar 144001, Punjab, India.
The Science of the Total Environment
|May 14, 2022
Summary
Arsenic (As) toxicity harms plants and humans. Novel eco-friendly strategies like phytoremediation and bioremediation offer effective arsenic removal from soil and food chains.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Plant Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic metalloid impacting plant physiology and posing fatal risks to human health.
- Arsenic disrupts essential plant processes including nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and cellular integrity, leading to reduced growth.
- Soil arsenic contaminates the food chain, causing poisoning and necessitating effective remediation strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize novel, eco-friendly strategies for arsenic remediation.
- To highlight advancements in understanding arsenic toxicity mechanisms in plants.
- To explore biotechnological and nanotechnological applications for combating arsenic toxicity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of conventional and novel arsenic remediation techniques.
- Analysis of plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to arsenic stress.
- Examination of genetic engineering, biotechnological, and nanotechnological approaches for arsenic mitigation.
Main Results:
- Novel strategies like bioremediation, phytoremediation, and biochar show significant promise for arsenic removal.
- Nitric oxide (NO), plant hormones, and selenium aid in mitigating arsenic stress by reducing oxidative damage and enhancing antioxidant responses.
- Genetic engineering and nanotechnological applications offer advanced solutions for enhancing plant tolerance and arsenic remediation.
Conclusions:
- Effective and eco-friendly arsenic remediation is crucial for environmental and human health.
- Integrating novel strategies with biotechnological advancements can combat arsenic toxicity in plants and soil.
- Further research into genetic engineering and nanotechnology will enhance arsenic stress management and remediation.
Keywords:
Arsenic toxicityBiotechnological aspectsMicrobial remediationNanotechnologySpeciationTransportersMore Related Videos
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