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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

412
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
412
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

343
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
343
In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

457
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
457
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

64.6K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Fertility Sparing Procedure using Carbon Dioxide Fiber Laser Vaporization of Ovarian Endometrioma
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Infertility workup: identifying endometriosis.

Paul Pirtea1, Nicolas Vulliemoz2, Dominique de Ziegler3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hopital Foch-Faculté de Medicine Paris Ouest (UVSQ), Suresnes, France; Faculte de Medicine Paris Ouest, Suresnes, France.

Fertility and Sterility
|May 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnostic laparoscopies are no longer the gold standard for diagnosing endometriosis. Modern imaging techniques like ultrasound and MRI provide reliable alternatives for endometriosis diagnosis, especially in cases of infertility.

Keywords:
EndometriosisMRIdiagnosisinfertilityultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Surgical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Historically, diagnostic laparoscopy was the gold standard for endometriosis diagnosis.
  • The shift towards assisted reproductive technology-first approaches has reduced routine laparoscopies, creating a diagnostic gap.
  • Endometriosis diagnosis requires reliable methods, particularly in infertile patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate modern imaging techniques as replacements for diagnostic laparoscopy in endometriosis detection.
  • To emphasize the importance of identifying or excluding endometriosis in infertile patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic application of modern imaging modalities, including ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • Clinical assessment based on patient history and physical examination.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound and MRI, when used systematically, offer a reliable diagnostic alternative to laparoscopy.
  • History and physical examination are crucial for identifying or excluding endometriosis, especially in infertility.

Conclusions:

  • Modern imaging techniques have replaced routine laparoscopies as a reliable method for diagnosing endometriosis.
  • A comprehensive approach combining imaging and clinical evaluation is essential for accurate endometriosis diagnosis in infertile women.