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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research
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Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research

Published on: September 9, 2017

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A CRISPR view on autophagy.

Jin Rui Liang1, Jacob E Corn2

  • 1Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland; Medical Research Council, Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.

Trends in Cell Biology
|May 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autophagy degrades cellular components, including specific organelles, a process increasingly studied using CRISPR-Cas9 screens. These functional genomics approaches reveal mechanisms behind cargo-specific autophagy, advancing cellular health research.

Keywords:
CRISPRautophagyfunctional genomicsgenome-wide screensorganellophagy

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autophagy is a core cellular process for degrading cytoplasmic material.
  • Organelle-specific autophagy pathways are emerging as critical for cellular and organismal health.
  • Understanding these pathways requires advanced functional genomics tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent applications of CRISPR-Cas9 screening in autophagy research.
  • To highlight discoveries made using these screens in understanding cargo-specific autophagy.
  • To discuss future directions for autophagy screening methodologies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9-based functional genomics screens.
  • Analyzing data from screens to identify genes involved in autophagy signaling, recognition, and execution.
  • Focusing on screens targeting specific organelle degradation via autophagy.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR screens have identified common and unique factors regulating different types of autophagy.
  • These screens provide insights into the mechanisms governing the degradation of specific organelles.
  • Functional genomics has accelerated the discovery of novel autophagy regulators.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 screening is a powerful tool for dissecting complex autophagy pathways.
  • Organelle-specific autophagy research is rapidly advancing due to these screening capabilities.
  • Future autophagy screens promise further elucidation of cellular degradation mechanisms and their health implications.