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Surgical Management of Crohn's Disease

Valery Vilchez1, Amy L Lightner2

  • 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease Surgical Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
|May 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Crohn

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Surgical Science

Background:

  • Crohn's disease (CD) management aims to improve patient quality of life through medical, endoscopic, and surgical approaches.
  • Biologic therapies have advanced moderate to severe CD treatment, yet two-thirds of patients still require intestinal resection.
  • Optimizing surgical outcomes in Crohn's disease necessitates a focus on preoperative care and intraoperative techniques for bowel preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key surgical principles for managing Crohn's disease.
  • To guide surgeons in optimizing patient outcomes and bowel preservation during intestinal resection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and surgical best practices for Crohn's disease.

Main Results:

  • Despite advancements in medical therapy, surgical resection remains a common necessity in Crohn's disease management.
  • Preoperative optimization and meticulous intraoperative techniques are crucial for maximizing bowel preservation.
  • Adherence to specific surgical principles can enhance outcomes for patients undergoing Crohn's disease surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical intervention remains integral to managing Crohn's disease, even with advanced medical treatments.
  • Focusing on surgical technique and patient preparation is essential for improving long-term outcomes and quality of life.
  • This review provides guidance on critical surgical principles for the challenging Crohn's disease patient population.

Keywords:
Bowel conservationCrohn’s diseaseResectionStrictureplasty

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