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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform

Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform

Published on: October 20, 2020

Polymer-Protein Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antigen Immunogenicity.

Xiaolei Zhang^1,2, Xia Zhao³, Jittima Amie Luckanagul^1,4

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States.

ACS Macro Letters

|May 25, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New polymer-protein core-shell nanoparticles effectively trigger the immune system. This nanoengineered vaccine platform significantly increases antibody titers, offering a promising approach for enhanced immunity.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanomedicine
Immunology

Background:

Pathogen structures inspire nanoengineered vaccine platforms.
Highly organized and repetitive structures are key to triggering immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel nanoengineered vaccine platform.
To assess the immunogenicity of pyridine-grafted poly(ε-caprolactone)-based polymer-protein core-shell nanoparticles (PPCS-NPs).

Main Methods:

Fabrication of PPCS-NPs using a pyridine-grafted poly(ε-caprolactone)-based polymer and protein components.
In vivo assessment of the immune response triggered by PPCS-NPs.

Main Results:

The PPCS-NPs platform effectively triggered the host immune system.
Significantly higher antibody titers were observed in response to the PPCS-NPs compared to controls.

Conclusions:

PPCS-NPs represent a viable nanoengineered vaccine platform.
This platform demonstrates potential for enhancing vaccine efficacy through increased antibody production.