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Menstrual Cycle Effects on Sleep.

Fiona C Baker1, Kathryn Aldrich Lee2

  • 1Human Sleep Research Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Park- town, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.

Sleep Medicine Clinics
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep quality and circadian rhythms are affected by the menstrual cycle and related disorders. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) face higher risks of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).

Keywords:
DysmenorrheaEstrogenFollicularLutealMenstrual cyclePolycystic ovary syndromePremenstrual syndromeSleep spindles

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive endocrinology
  • Sleep medicine
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can impact sleep patterns and quality.
  • Menstrual cycle-associated disorders may further disrupt sleep and circadian rhythms.
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is linked to an elevated risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between the menstrual cycle, hormonal changes, and sleep quality.
  • To highlight the increased risk of SDB in women with PCOS.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering menstrual cycle phase in research and clinical evaluations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sleep, circadian rhythms, and the menstrual cycle.
  • Analysis of self-reported sleep quality variations across different cycle phases.
  • Discussion of the implications of PCOS on sleep health and upper airway resistance.

Main Results:

  • Sleep quality variability is observed, with some women experiencing worsening symptoms premenstrually.
  • Women with PCOS exhibit a higher prevalence of SDB.
  • Menstrual cycle phase influences sleep quality and potentially upper airway resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep and circadian rhythms are sensitive to menstrual cycle hormonal shifts and disorders.
  • Early identification and treatment of SDB in women with PCOS are crucial for mitigating health risks.
  • Standardizing data collection by documenting menstrual cycle phase is recommended for research accuracy, ideally during the early-mid follicular phase for women of reproductive age.