Induction of aortic plaques in guinea pigs by exposure to kerosene

Guinea pigs were exposed to kerosene aerosols or to smoke produced from kerosene under conditions approximating those in a kitchen. They were compared to controls exposed to saline aerosols or to atmospheric air. Both types of kerosene exposure engendered aortic plaques with fibrous tissue, collagen, and elastic fibers embedded in abundant glycosaminoglycans-rich ground substance, interspersed in which are smooth muscle cells resembling those seen in atherosclerosis, and changes in levels of blood lipids. The results suggest that chronic exposure to kerosene, a domestic fuel very widely used in many countries, may have important toxic effects in addition to the pulmonary effects that have been reported by others.