Targeted Cancer Therapy and Its Ophthalmic Side Effects: A Review

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Targeted cancer therapies represent a significant advancement in oncological treatment.
• These novel therapeutics are increasingly utilized across various cancer types.
• Ocular complications are a recognized, albeit often underreported, class of adverse events associated with these agents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review and describe the spectrum of ocular side effects associated with targeted cancer therapy agents.
• To consolidate current knowledge on the ophthalmic manifestations of novel cancer therapeutics.
• To inform clinicians about potential visual impairment risks in patients undergoing targeted cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of studies reporting ocular side effects of targeted cancer therapies.
• Analysis of clinical trial data and case reports.
• Categorization of ocular side effects based on drug class and affected ocular structures.

Main Results:

• Various targeted agents, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, are associated with a range of ocular toxicities.
• Commonly reported side effects include dry eye, retinopathy, and uveitis.
• The incidence and severity of ocular effects vary depending on the specific agent and patient factors.

Conclusions:

• Ocular side effects are a common and important consideration in patients receiving targeted cancer therapy.
• Early recognition and management of these visual complications are crucial for maintaining patient quality of life.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and optimize the treatment of therapy-induced ocular toxicities.