Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 20, 2025
08:40
Standard Test Method ASTM D 7998-19 for the Cohesive Strength Development of Wood Adhesives
Published on: May 17, 2020
3.1K
Effect of enamel-surface modifications on shear bond strength using different adhesive materials
Bo-Wen Zheng1, Shan Cao1, Majedh Abdo Ali Al-Somairi1,2
1Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China.
BMC Oral Health
|June 7, 2022
Summary
Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) achieved clinical bond strength without damaging enamel. Non-acid-etching treatments, particularly with sodium hypochlorite, are effective for bracket bonding.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Dental Materials Science
- Adhesive Dentistry
Background:
- Investigating enamel surface modifications for optimal ceramic bracket bonding.
- Evaluating shear bond strength with various adhesives and enamel treatments.
- Determining the efficacy of non-acid-etching methods for clinical bond strength.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of enamel surface modifications on ceramic bracket shear bond strength.
- To identify the most effective clinical adhesive and bonding protocol.
- To validate non-acid-etching treatments for achieving adequate clinical bond strength.
Main Methods:
- 108 premolars were divided into nine groups with varied enamel treatments (acid etching, deproteinization, wetting).
- Brackets were bonded using Transbond™ XT or resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC).
- Shear bond strength, adhesive remnant index (ARI), and enamel morphology were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Adhesive remnant index (ARI) showed statistically significant differences between groups.
- Enamel surfaces treated with acid etching (groups 1-5) were demineralized.
- Non-acid-etching treatments resulted in varying degrees of protein residue on the enamel.
Conclusions:
- Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) provides adequate clinical bond strength without enamel damage.
- 5.25% sodium hypochlorite is a preferred non-acid-etching treatment for enamel preparation.
- Non-acid-etching protocols can achieve clinically acceptable bond strength for orthodontic brackets.
Related Concept Videos
01:12Bonding and Strength of Aggregate
265
The bond between aggregate particles and the cement matrix is significantly influenced by the shape and surface texture of the aggregates. High-strength concretes benefit from a rougher texture, which leads to stronger bonding due to greater adhesion. Angular aggregates with larger surface areas also enhance this bond. The bonding quality, however, is complex to assess as no universally accepted test exists. Good bonding is indicated when a crushed concrete specimen shows some aggregate...
265
01:20Strength of Cement
222
Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
222