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Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 by Using Aptasensors.

Bruno P Crulhas¹, Caroline R Basso¹, Gustavo R Castro¹

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Bioscience, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

Current Medicinal Chemistry

|June 8, 2022

Summary

This study developed a novel aptasensor for detecting PCA3, a key prostate cancer biomarker. The sensor offers sensitive and specific detection, paving the way for earlier and more cost-effective prostate cancer diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Molecular Diagnostics
Cancer Biomarkers

Background:

Prostate cancer is characterized by elevated PCA3 (Prostate Cancer Antigen 3) messenger RNA levels.
PCA3 is recognized as a significant biomarker for prostate cancer prognosis and diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel aptasensor for detecting PCA3 released by prostate cancer cells.
To establish a sensitive and specific platform for early prostate cancer diagnosis.

Main Methods:

A DNA hairpin aptamer targeting PCA3 was synthesized and functionalized with a methylene blue (MB) redox probe.
The aptasensor was immobilized on a gold electrode via self-assembly for label-free detection.
PCA3 release was monitored in different prostate cell lines.

Keywords:

Aptasensor PCA3 aptamer biomarker cancer cell releasing protein

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Main Results:

The developed aptasensor demonstrated stable and sensitive performance with a wide linear detection range (0-150 ng/mL).
Significantly higher PCA3 expression was observed in LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cells.
The sensor provides a powerful platform for understanding prostate cancer dynamics.

Conclusions:

This strategy offers a sensitive, specific, and simple methodology for PCA3 detection.
The aptasensor is a promising tool for early, cost-effective prostate cancer diagnosis.
Monitoring PCA3 release aids in understanding prostate cancer heterogeneity.