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A sodiophilic VN interlayer stabilizing a Na metal anode.

Xianming Xia1, Xiang Lv1, Yu Yao2

  • 1School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. xhrui@gdut.edu.cn.

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A novel vanadium nitride (VN) interlayer enhances sodium metal anodes (SMAs) by promoting uniform sodium deposition, preventing dendrite growth for safer, longer-lasting rechargeable batteries.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium metal anodes (SMAs) offer high capacity and abundance but suffer from dendrite growth and dead sodium formation.
  • These issues lead to poor cycle life and safety concerns in sodium-ion batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance SMA by regulating sodium nucleation and deposition.
  • To investigate the efficacy of a vanadium nitride (VN) interlayer for stabilizing sodium metal.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Na/VN anode via mechanical rolling.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to study VN sodiophilicity.
  • Electrochemical cycling tests of the Na/VN anode and a full cell.

Main Results:

  • VN interlayer exhibits high sodiophilicity, promoting homogeneous Na nucleation and even distribution.
  • Achieved dendrite-free sodium deposition with a prolonged cycling lifespan over 1060 hours.
  • Full cell with Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode and Na/VN anode showed 96% capacity retention after 800 cycles at 5C.

Conclusions:

  • The VN interlayer effectively regulates Na deposition, enabling dendrite-free SMAs.
  • This strategy offers a promising pathway for developing stable and high-performance sodium-ion batteries.