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Non-Flammable Sodium Asymmetric Imide Salt-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Supercapacitor Applications.

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New deep eutectic solvents (DESs) using alkaline imide salts and ethylene carbonate offer safe, non-flammable electrolytes for supercapacitors (SCs). These electrolytes demonstrate excellent stability and performance in SC devices.

Keywords:
alkaline imide saltsdeep eutectic solventselectrolytesflammabilitysupercapacitors

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Supercapacitors (SCs) require stable, high-performance electrolytes.
  • Conventional electrolytes face challenges with flammability and safety.
  • Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) present a promising alternative for energy storage applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for supercapacitor (SC) applications.
  • To investigate the properties of DESs based on alkaline imide salts and ethylene carbonate.
  • To evaluate the performance of SCs utilizing these new electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two DESs using sodium (fluorosulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (NaFTFSI) or sodium cyano-trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide (NaTFSICN) with ethylene carbonate (EC).
  • Characterization of DES properties including volumetric, transport, and thermal stability.
  • Fabrication and testing of symmetric SCs with activated carbon electrodes.

Main Results:

  • The developed DESs are non-flammable, stable liquids with optimal compositions identified.
  • Volumetric properties indicate strong anion-coordination without cation solvation.
  • Supercapacitors achieved specific capacities of 150 F/g at 0.5 A/g and maintained 80% capacity over 100 hours at 2.4 V.

Conclusions:

  • The novel DESs exhibit high organization and transport properties comparable to ionic liquids.
  • These DESs provide a safe, simple, and effective electrolyte solution for advanced supercapacitors.
  • The findings pave the way for next-generation energy storage devices.