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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

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Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
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Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals01:17

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Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional &#960;-conjugate Systems
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Ultrashort Pulse Excited Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Molecules.

Yang Luo1, Alberto Martin-Jimenez1, Rico Gutzler1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Nano Letters
|June 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates stable Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) using ultrashort laser pulses for molecular analysis. This advancement paves the way for time-resolved TERS, enabling simultaneous high spatial, temporal, and energy resolution investigations.

Keywords:
STMTip-enhanced Raman spectroscopyfemtosecond pulsesmolecular vibrationsultrafast Raman spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) in scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) offers subnanometer spatial resolution for molecular vibrational analysis.
  • Current STM-TERS techniques are limited in temporal resolution, hindering the study of dynamic molecular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate stable TERS measurements using ultrashort laser pulses.
  • To investigate the feasibility of time-resolved TERS for molecular dynamics.
  • To achieve simultaneous high spatial, temporal, and energy resolution in spectroscopic analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Performed TERS measurements on subphthalocyanine (SubPc) molecules using ∼500 fs laser pulses within a low-temperature ultrahigh-vacuum STM.
  • Analyzed the scaling of TERS signal intensity with laser pulse flux and plasmonic nanocavity gap-size.
  • Compared TERS spectra obtained with ultrashort pulses versus continuous-wave (CW) lasers.

Main Results:

  • Achieved stable TERS measurements with ultrashort pulse excitation.
  • Demonstrated linear scaling of TERS intensity with laser flux and exponential scaling with decreasing gap-size.
  • Observed characteristic differences in TERS signals between ultrashort pulse and CW laser excitation.

Conclusions:

  • Established a foundation for time-resolved femtosecond TERS.
  • Enabled future investigations into molecular dynamics with unprecedented simultaneous spatial, temporal, and energy resolution.