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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
An Overview of Maxillofacial Approaches to Smile Design
Pooyan Sadr-Eshkevari1, Robert L Flint1, Brian Alpert1
1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Abstract:
The oral and maxillofacial surgeon (OMS) has the knowledge and skills to make drastic skeletal changes in favor of a more cosmetic smile. OMS can alter intraoral and extraoral soft tissues to make subtle or significant changes in facial cosmesis. This article provides an overview of the scope of the OMS in smile design. The authors provide a cursory review of pertinent gross and surgical facial anatomy, discuss the role of orthognathic surgery and rhinoplasty in smile cosmesis, and describe the fundamentals of common cosmetic procedures ranging from gingivoplasty to lip lift and lip augmentation and the use of neurotoxins.
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