Crown Lengthening Techniques and Modifications to Treat Excessive Gingival Display

Dental aesthetics are a fundamental treatment goal in dentistry, in which even minute deviations from the ideal may necessitate corrective treatment or constitute a suboptimal clinical outcome. A well-defined protocol that adheres to sound biological and surgical principles is necessary to harmoniously integrate the dental and periodontal components. This article reviews clinical and aesthetic guidelines based on these principles for clinical crown lengthening.