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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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Botulinum Toxin and Smile Design

Mario Polo1

  • 1Private Practice, Orthodontics and Facial Esthetics, San Juan, PR, USA; Department of Orthodontics, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA.

Dental Clinics of North America
|June 23, 2022
PubMed

Keywords:
Asymmetric smilesBOTOX COSMETICExcessive gingival displayGummy smileNeuromodulatorsSmile designSmile esthetics

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