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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
Published on: November 11, 2016
How circadian clocks keep time: the discovery of slowness
Carrie Partch1, Michael Brunner2
1University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, U.S.A.
Abstract:
Circadian clocks are molecular timers that measure 24-hour periods through a series of slow but precise biochemical processes. While circadian clocks of cyanobacteria are driven by interactions and ordered phosphorylation of highly structured protein assemblies, timekeeping by circadian clocks of eukaryotes involves slow progressive hyperphosphorylation of a large number of redundant sites in intrinsically disordered regions of clock proteins.
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