Middle Pulmonary Lobe Abscess: A Delayed Complication of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become a routine procedure in abdominal surgery, a "gold standard" in the treatment of gallstones. Iatrogenic perforation of the gallbladder during a cholecystectomy is a possible incident, with numerous complications due to unidentified intraperitoneal gallstones during surgery. Pulmonary complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are extremely rare. Case report: This report presents the case of a 62-year-old female with post cholecystectomy subphrenic abscess and trans-diaphragmatic fistula in the middle pulmonary lobe. In this case, the pulmonary symptoms dominated the clinical picture and the initial complementary explorations indicated a strictly pulmonary condition. The initial evolution of the patient was towards worsening, and the subsequent explorations established the real diagnosis. Conclusion: Gallbladder perforations with accidental loss of gallstones should be recognized immediately and managed. In the development of a pulmonary abscess, we can take into account an intra-peritoneal condition as well.