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Active Virtual Reality for Chronic Primary Pain: Mixed Methods Randomized Pilot Study.

Natalie Tuck1,2, Catherine Pollard1,3, Clinton Good3

  • 1The Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.

JMIR Formative Research
|July 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Virtual reality (VR) offers a more engaging approach to chronic pain management, showing promise in improving function and reducing pain. While recruitment challenges exist, VR

Keywords:
VRacceptabilitychronic painfeasibilityinterventionpain managementphysiotherapyrehabilitationserious gamesvirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Rehabilitation Technology
  • Virtual Reality Applications

Background:

  • Chronic pain management often relies on graded activation, but high dropout rates due to aversion exist.
  • Virtual reality (VR) presents a potentially more engaging and less threatening alternative for physical activity in chronic pain.
  • Previous VR use in pain relief and rehabilitation suggests potential for functional outcome improvement in chronic pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) for VR in chronic pain.
  • Evaluate the acceptability of an active VR treatment program for chronic pain patients.
  • Investigate VR's efficacy in improving functional outcomes for chronic pain.

Main Methods:

  • Pilot mixed methods study with 29 chronic pain patients randomized to VR or usual physiotherapy (TAU).
  • VR group received twice-weekly immersive VR sessions; TAU group had a 6-week waitlist followed by standard treatment.
  • Semistructured interviews with 7 VR participants explored intervention perceptions.

Main Results:

  • Low recruitment (17% completion) indicates challenges for a large-scale RCT in this setting.
  • VR group demonstrated greater improvements in activity, pain intensity, and interference compared to waitlist and TAU.
  • Qualitative themes highlighted VR's enjoyability, functional/psychological benefits, and importance of setup.

Conclusions:

  • Active VR intervention was acceptable and showed positive effects versus waitlist, with outcomes similar to TAU.
  • A confirmatory RCT is warranted, but recruitment barriers necessitate incentivization or multicenter approaches.
  • VR may offer a viable, engaging alternative for improving functional capacity in chronic pain management.