Obtaining Osmo-resistant Mutants in Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Isolated from Saline Soils
Susanna Kazar Keleshyan1, Zhaneta Vladimir Karapetyan2, Anna Gevorg Toplaghaltsyan2
1Scientific and Production Center "Armbiotechnology" NAS RA (Laboratory of Strain-Producers of BAS and Biosynthesis), Gyurjyan 14, 0056, Yerevan, Armenia. susannaqeleshyan@mail.ru.
Current Microbiology
|July 14, 2022
Summary
Researchers developed osmo-resistant (Osm-r) nitrogen-fixing bacteria to combat soil salinization. These non-GMO biofertilizers enhance plant growth in saline conditions, offering a sustainable agricultural solution.
Area of Science:
- Soil microbiology
- Agricultural science
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Salinization and desertification render over 7% of Earth's land unsuitable for agriculture annually.
- Biofertilizers using halophilic nitrogen-fixing bacteria can restore soil health and boost crop productivity.
- Developing effective biofertilizers for saline soils is crucial for sustainable agriculture.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and select osmo-resistant (Osm-r) nitrogen-fixing bacterial mutants from saline soils.
- To develop non-genetically modified (non-GMO) nitrogen-fixing microorganisms for agricultural applications.
- To identify superior strains for creating novel biofertilizers for saline environments.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of osmo-resistant (Osm-r) mutants from soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
- Spontaneous and induced mutagenesis of Agrobacterium sp. Y-2 and Agrobacterium sp. M-1 strains.
- Selection of mutants exhibiting high nitrogen-fixing ability and salt tolerance.
Main Results:
- A collection of osmo-resistant (Osm-r) nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains was generated without GMO technology.
- Four superior strains demonstrating high nitrogen-fixing capacity and viability in high-salt conditions were identified.
- The selected strains are plasmidless, indicating suitability for agricultural use.
Conclusions:
- The study successfully produced novel osmo-resistant (Osm-r) nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains.
- These selected strains hold significant potential for developing effective, eco-friendly biofertilizers for saline soils.
- The non-GMO nature of these bacteria enhances their appeal for sustainable agricultural intensification.
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