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A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Association between pulmonary vein stenosis and necrotizing enterocolitis or gastrointestinal pathology: A

Jennifer Duchon1, Christiana Farkouh-Karoleski2,3, Dominique D Bailey2,4

  • 1Division of Neonatology, BronxCare Hospital System, Grand Concourse, Bronx, New York, USA.

Annals of Pediatric Cardiology
|July 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Infants with gastrointestinal (GI) pathology have a higher risk of developing pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS), a serious condition causing pulmonary hypertension. Early surveillance for PVS is recommended in infants with GI issues.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is an increasingly recognized cause of pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants, associated with high mortality.
  • A potential link between necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and PVS suggests inflammatory processes from gastrointestinal (GI) pathology may be a risk factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between prior gastrointestinal pathology and the development of pulmonary vein stenosis in preterm infants.
  • To evaluate the clinical implications and outcomes associated with PVS in the context of GI pathology.

Main Methods:

  • A matched case-control study design was employed, matching infants with PVS to infants without PVS based on gestational age.
  • Hospital records were retrospectively reviewed to identify a history of NEC or other forms of gut pathology in both groups.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between prior GI pathology and PVS; 63% of PVS patients had a history of GI issues compared to 19% of controls.
  • Infants with GI pathology exhibited higher rates of growth restriction and elevated C-reactive protein levels.
  • The PVS group with prior GI pathology showed a higher mean pulmonary vein gradient and increased mortality (29% vs. 9% in controls).

Conclusions:

  • This study reinforces the association between PVS and intestinal pathology in preterm infants.
  • The findings underscore the importance of considering GI pathology as a risk factor for PVS and advocate for early surveillance and intervention in affected infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
Gut pathologynecrotizing enterocolitispulmonary vein stenosis

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