Cu-Based Organic-Inorganic Composite Materials for Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂ RR) is an attractive pathway to convert CO₂ into value-added chemicals and fuels. Copper (Cu) is the most effective monometallic catalyst for converting CO₂ into multi-carbon products, but suffers from high overpotentials and poor selectivity. Therefore, it is essential to design efficient Cu-based catalyst to improve the selectivity of specific products. Due to the combination of advantages of organic and inorganic composite materials, organic-inorganic composites exhibit high catalytic performance towards CO₂ RR, and have been extensively studied. In this review, the research advances of various Cu-based organic-inorganic composite materials in CO₂ RR, i. e., organic molecular modified-metal Cu composites, Cu-based molecular catalyst/carbon carrier composites, Cu-based metal organic framework (MOF) composites, and Cu-based covalent organic framework (COF) composites are systematically summarized. Particularly, the synthesis strategies of Cu-based composites, structure-performance relationship, and catalytic mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of Cu-based organic-inorganic composite materials in CO₂ RR are proposed.