Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Hall Effect01:30

The Hall Effect

2.7K
Edwin H. Hall, in the year 1879, devised an experiment that could be used to identify the polarity of the predominant charge carriers in a conducting material. From a historical perspective, this experiment was the first to demonstrate that the charge carriers in most metals are negative.
2.7K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.1K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
1.1K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

1.6K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
1.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.1K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.1K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.0K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.0K
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

1.1K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Superconductivity in substitutional Ga-hyperdoped Ge epitaxial thin films.

Nature nanotechnology·2025
Same author

Field-resilient supercurrent diode in a multiferroic Josephson junction.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Dynamic Carrier Modulation via Nonlinear Acoustoelectric Transport in van der Waals Heterostructures.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Integration of multiple coinflip devices for high-quality random sampling.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Advantages of imperfect dice rolls over coin flips for random number generation.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Gate-Tunable Short-Wave Infrared Polycrystalline GeSn Phototransistors on Noncrystalline Substrates.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K

Induced Superconducting Pairing in Integer Quantum Hall Edge States.

Mehdi Hatefipour1, Joseph J Cuozzo2, Jesse Kanter1

  • 1Center for Quantum Phenomena, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States.

Nano Letters
|July 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Indium arsenide (InAs) quantum wells demonstrate efficient Andreev conversion when coupled with superconducting NbTiN. This hybridization is key for advanced semiconductor-superconductor devices.

Keywords:
Andreev reflectionInteger quantum hall effectSuperconductivity

More Related Videos

Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials
10:36

Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials

Published on: January 21, 2016

10.7K
Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride
04:51

Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride

Published on: July 8, 2021

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K
Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials
10:36

Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials

Published on: January 21, 2016

10.7K
Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride
04:51

Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride

Published on: July 8, 2021

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Engineering

Background:

  • Near-surface Indium Arsenide (InAs) quantum wells (QWs) are crucial for semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures.
  • Strong hybridization between 2D states in QWs and superconductor states is essential for novel device functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of InAs QWs in the quantum Hall (QH) regime coupled with superconducting Niobium Titanium Nitride (NbTiN).
  • To analyze the Andreev conversion efficiency at the semiconductor-superconductor interface.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of InAs QWs in proximity to superconducting NbTiN.
  • Experimental measurements in the quantum Hall regime.
  • Analysis using the generalized Landauer-Büttiker formalism including Andreev reflection.

Main Results:

  • Observation of negative downstream resistance.
  • Corresponding reduction in Hall (upstream) resistance, indicating high Andreev conversion.
  • Evidence of strong hybridization between QH edge modes and superconductor states.

Conclusions:

  • The InAs/NbTiN interface exhibits high transparency, facilitating efficient Andreev conversion.
  • Strong hybridization between InAs QWs and NbTiN is confirmed.
  • These findings support the potential of InAs-based heterostructures for advanced quantum devices.