Tidal turbine support in microgrid frequency regulation through novel cascade Fuzzy-FOPID droop in de-loaded region

The goal of this study is to introduce an effective load frequency control scheme with the integration of tidal turbines in a standalone microgrid (μG) system. As standalone μG experiences lower inertia and lacks primary frequency control, the use of variable tidal turbines in the de-loaded region may be accepted as one of the feasible solutions for managing frequency regulation issues. In this condition, the de-load region alludes to an area where tidal turbines liberate their accumulated kinetic energy in rotational parts pursuing frequency fluctuations. An effectual cascade fractional order fuzzy PID-integral double derivative (CFOFPID-IDD) controller suggested for efficient utilization of tidal turbines, whose design variables are tuned through a recently appeared Jaya algorithm. An investigation is made between the acquired outcomes of the studied CFOFPID-IDD droop controller with fractional order fuzzy PID droop control to analyze the proposed strategy performance in various load conditions, with different physical constraints like time delay, dead zone, and generation rate constraints. Moreover, the sensitivity test reveals that the Jaya-optimized CFOFPID-IDD controller can undergo ± (10-25) % variation in various coefficients without retuning the design variable values. The simulation outcomes validate the effectiveness and adequacy of the proposed regulator.