Recent Developments and Future Perspective on Electrochemical Glucose Sensors Based on 2D Materials.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Diabetes management requires continuous blood glucose monitoring.
• Electrochemical glucose sensors are crucial but face challenges.
• 2D materials offer stability, large surface area, and low cost for sensor development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review enzymatic and nonenzymatic glucose sensors utilizing 2D materials.
• To discuss sensor construction, detection strategies, and performance tuning.
• To explore advancements in wearable, flexible, and photoelectrochemical glucose sensors.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of 2D material-based glucose sensors.
• Analysis of sensor fabrication and operational principles.
• Discussion of performance enhancement techniques and future trends.

Main Results:

• 2D materials are effective in both enzymatic and nonenzymatic glucose sensing.
• Various sensor designs and detection mechanisms have been developed.
• Tuning strategies significantly improve sensor performance.

Conclusions:

• 2D materials show great promise for next-generation glucose sensors.
• Wearable, flexible, and photoelectrochemical sensors are key future directions.
• Further research can optimize these sensors for clinical applications.