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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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Adaptation to Social-Linguistic Associations in Audio-Visual Speech.

Molly Babel1

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Brain Sciences
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Listeners

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Sociolinguistics
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Listeners form hypotheses about how social factors influence speech pronunciation.
  • These hypotheses can either aid or obstruct spoken language comprehension.
  • Stereotypes linking language and ethnicity in North American English exemplify this duality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate listener adaptation to speech in noise.
  • To examine the influence of accent-ethnicity associations on speech processing.
  • To compare adaptation across different speaker groups: Asian English-L1, white English-L1, Asian English-L2, and white English-L2 speakers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized audio-visual speech stimuli.
  • Exposed listeners to speech in noise from four distinct speaker profiles.
Keywords:
intelligibilitylinguistic expectationsperceptual adaptationsocial stereotypesspeech in noise

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  • Analyzed listener adaptation based on congruent and incongruent accent-ethnicity pairings.

    • Main Results:

    • Congruent accent-ethnicity associations were found to facilitate listener adaptation.
    • Incongruent pairings may impede speech processing and comprehension.
    • The mainstream local accent demonstrated an association with a more diverse speech community.

    Conclusions:

    • Listener adaptation to accented speech is influenced by perceived accent-ethnicity congruence.
    • Stereotypes can impact speech intelligibility and comprehension.
    • Findings suggest a complex interplay between social expectations and auditory processing in diverse linguistic environments.