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Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates

Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates

Published on: September 12, 2018

Photo-Curing Kinetics of 3D-Printing Photo-Inks Based on Urethane-Acrylates.

Hadi Bakhshi^1,2, Guanxing Kuang², Franziska Wieland²

¹Department of Life Science and Bioprocesses, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.

|July 27, 2022

Summary

This study investigates urethane-acrylate photo-inks for 3D printing, revealing temperature-dependent curing for urethane-dimethacrylate (UrDMA) and optimal monomer ratios for enhanced photopolymerization and mechanical properties.

Keywords:

3D-printing photo-inks photo-DSC photopolymerization kinetics thermomechanical properties urethane-acrylates

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Area of Science:

Polymer Science
Materials Science
Additive Manufacturing

Background:

3D printing utilizes photopolymerization for material fabrication.
Urethane-acrylate based photo-inks are crucial for advanced 3D printing applications.
Understanding photo-curing kinetics is essential for optimizing ink formulations.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the photo-curing kinetics of urethane-acrylate based photo-inks.
To investigate the influence of monomer composition and temperature on curing behavior.
To determine the mechanical properties of the photo-cured materials.

Main Methods:

Photo-differential scanning calorimetry (photo-DSC) was employed.
Kinetics of di- and monofunctional monomers were studied separately.
Mixtures of urethane-dimethacrylate (UrDMA) and urethane-acrylate (UrA) were analyzed at various temperatures and compositions.

Main Results:

UrDMA and UrA showed no significant UV absorption, suitable for photo-ink formulation.
UrDMA photo-curing exhibited temperature dependence, while UrA was largely independent.
Optimal UrA content (e.g., 70-75%) maximized photopolymerization rate and double-bond conversion.
Higher UrA content decreased glass transition temperature and mechanical strength, with a 30/70 mixture showing highest elongation (73%).

Conclusions:

The study provides insights into the photo-curing kinetics of urethane-acrylate systems for 3D printing.
Formulation strategies involving UrDMA and UrA can be optimized for desired printing and mechanical outcomes.
Temperature and monomer ratio are critical parameters for controlling 3D printing ink performance.