[Vaccination contre le SARS-CoV-2, le Graal ?]

Area of Science:

• * Immunology and Vaccinology
• * Public Health and Epidemiology
• * Infectious Diseases

Background:

• * The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
• * Multiple vaccine candidates are in clinical development globally, with several approved in Europe and recognized by the WHO.
• * The pandemic underscored the importance of both research and real-world data collection.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
• * To assess the impact of real-world data in understanding vaccine performance.
• * To identify ongoing research needs in COVID-19 vaccination.

Main Methods:

• * Analysis of Phase 3 clinical trial results for approved vaccines.
• * Evaluation of real-world data on vaccine effectiveness and safety.
• * Monitoring of adverse events and variant protection.

Main Results:

• * Approved vaccines, utilizing diverse technologies, demonstrated convincing Phase 3 results.
• * Real-world data confirmed vaccine effectiveness, especially the importance of booster doses against Delta and Omicron variants.
• * Rare adverse events, including myocardial toxicity (mRNA vaccines) and thrombocytopenic thrombosis (vectorized vaccines), were characterized.

Conclusions:

• * Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been instrumental in managing the COVID-19 pandemic.
• * Real-world data provide critical insights into vaccine effectiveness, safety, and the need for boosters.
• * Continued research is essential to address remaining questions regarding COVID-19 vaccination.