The fate of drought-related genes after polyploidization in Arachis hypogaea cv. Tifrunner

Drought stress affects plant growth and development. Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) was formed by a cross between A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. The drought tolerance of A. duranensis and A. ipaensis is reportedly stronger than that of cultivated peanut. However, there has been little study of drought tolerance genes in Arachis. In this study, we compared drought tolerance genes between A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner and its diploid donors. We have observed that polyploidization does not generate more drought tolerance genes in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner but promotes the loss of many ancient drought tolerance genes. Although putative drought tolerance genes occurred on gene duplication events in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner, most copies lacked drought tolerance. These findings suggest that the loss of drought tolerance genes in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner could possibly result in weaker drought tolerance. In addition, we have observed that the three Arachis species stochastically lost putative drought tolerance genes. The evolution of drought tolerance genes could possibly have correlated with environmental changes. Our results enhance the current understanding of drought tolerance and polyploidy evolution in Arachis species.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01198-0.