Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

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Acute mitral regurgitation after non-ischemic papillary muscle rupture: A case report

Miho Nakamura1, Akihiro Isotani1, Kyohei Yamaji1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.

Journal of Cardiology Cases
|August 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Spontaneous papillary muscle rupture (PMR) is a rare, life-threatening cardiac emergency. This case highlights PMR from nonischemic, long-term deterioration, leading to severe mitral regurgitation and heart failure.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Papillary muscle rupture (PMR) is a critical cardiac emergency, typically linked to acute myocardial infarction and impaired blood flow.
  • Nonischemic spontaneous PMR is less common, often stemming from myocarditis, infections, or trauma.

Observation:

  • A case of spontaneous PMR is presented, leading to severe mitral regurgitation and refractory heart failure.
  • The patient exhibited no specific underlying causes, but rather a progressive deterioration of the mitral leaflet and papillary muscle.

Findings:

  • Echocardiographic and pathological findings were integrated to detail the disease process.
  • The rupture resulted from long-term mechanical stress and deterioration, independent of acute ischemic events.

Implications:

  • Spontaneous PMR, though rare, necessitates immediate evaluation for surgical intervention due to its life-threatening nature.
  • Understanding nonischemic causes of PMR is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of acute mitral regurgitation.
Keywords:
Acute mitral valve regurgitationCardiogenic shockSpontaneous papillary muscle rupture

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