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Related Concept Videos

Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the...
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
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Disposable Dosators for Pulmonary Insufflation of Therapeutic Agents to Small Animals
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Solid state of inhalable high dose powders.

Bishal Raj Adhikari1, Keith C Gordon2, Shyamal C Das1

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|August 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preparation methods for high dose inhaled powders impact their solid state, affecting aerosolization for lung infection treatment. Understanding solid-state properties is key to optimizing powder delivery and stability.

Keywords:
AerosolizationAmorphousAntibioticChemical stabilityCo-amorphousCrystallineDry powder inhalerLung infectionPulmonary drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science
  • Pulmonary Drug Delivery

Background:

  • High dose inhaled powders are increasingly important for treating lung infections.
  • Powder preparation techniques (e.g., spray drying, crystallization) influence solid-state properties.
  • Solid-state characteristics critically affect aerosolization performance and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the influence of solid-state changes in high dose powders on aerosolization.
  • To discuss solid-state characterization methods for inhaled powders.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing the stability of amorphous powders for high dose delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on solid-state properties and aerosolization.
  • Discussion of common solid-state characterization techniques.
  • Analysis of strategies for improving powder stability.

Main Results:

  • Preparation techniques significantly alter powder solid state (amorphous vs. crystalline).
  • Solid-state form directly impacts aerosolization efficiency and aerosol stability.
  • Amorphous powders present unique challenges and opportunities for high dose delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Solid-state characterization is crucial for predicting and controlling aerosolization behavior.
  • Optimizing powder solid state is essential for effective high dose inhaled therapies.
  • Strategies to enhance amorphous powder stability are vital for successful pulmonary drug delivery.