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Zengxin Pan1,2, Feiyue Mao1,3, Daniel Rosenfeld4,5

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, 430079, Wuhan, China.

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|August 2, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fine aerosols boost lightning over land and oceans, while coarse sea spray significantly weakens it by promoting rain. This research clarifies marine versus continental thunderstorm differences and aerosol-cloud interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Science
  • Cloud Physics
  • Aerosol Science

Background:

  • Thermodynamics and aerosols explain land thunderstorms but not marine ones.
  • Tropical deep convective cloud clusters exhibit unique behaviors over oceans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate aerosol impacts on lightning density and cloud properties over oceans and land.
  • Reconcile differences between continental and marine thunderstorm activity.

Main Methods:

  • Tracking the full lifecycle of tropical deep convective cloud clusters.
  • Analyzing the effects of fine aerosols and coarse sea salt (sea spray) on cloud dynamics and precipitation.

Main Results:

  • Fine aerosols increase lightning density for a given rainfall amount over both ocean and land.
  • Coarse sea spray weakens cloud vigor and lightning by promoting warm rain over mixed-phase precipitation.
  • Sea spray can reduce lightning by up to 90%, irrespective of fine aerosol presence.

Conclusions:

  • Findings explain discrepancies in continental and marine thunderstorm activity.
  • Elucidates aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions and their climatic implications for lightning.