Emergency surgical treatment for active bleeding and anemia in patients with hemorrhoidal disease

The purpose of the study is to describe the clinical and surgical characteristics of patients with hemorrhoidal disease (HD), anemia, and active bleeding in need of urgent surgery.

It is a descriptive, retrospective study of 510 patients between 2015 and 2019. Male and female patients diagnosed with HD. The records of these patients were reviewed, and we identified those who underwent emergency surgery due to active bleeding, anemia, shock, and other clinical problems. Statistical analysis was carried out with the SPSS version 24 software.

Fifty-three (10.3%) patients met the criteria for presenting active hemorrhoidal bleeding at the time of review and clinical and biochemical data of anemia. Patients presented a mean hemoglobin of 7.5 g/dl. The most frequent degree of HD was Grade II. The treatment received in 92.5% of the cases was hemorrhoidectomy with the Ferguson technique; in 5.7% (3), a hemorrhoidectomy was performed with an advanced energy device, and 1.9% (1) underwent the Milligan-Morgan technique.

Emergency hemorrhoidectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with severe active bleeding from HD.