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Updated: Sep 1, 2025
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Isolation and Intravenous Injection of Murine Bone Marrow Derived Monocytes
Published on: December 27, 2014
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Systemically injected bone marrow mononuclear cells specifically home to axially vascularized tissue engineering
Ahmad Eweida1,2, Sophia Flechtenmacher1, Elli Sandberg1
1Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Plos One
|August 11, 2022
Summary
Axially vascularized tissue constructs attract bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs), especially in central zones. This cell homing mechanism is linked to hypoxia and robust tissue formation, not SDF1 expression.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Axial vascularization is crucial for large 3D tissue engineering constructs.
- Progenitor cell chemotaxis in these constructs remains poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ability of axially vascularized constructs to attract systemically injected bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs).
- To explore the underlying mechanisms of cell homing, focusing on hypoxia and the SDF1-CXCR4-7 axis.
Main Methods:
- A prospective randomized controlled study in 32 Lewis rats.
- Implantation of axially vascularized tissue engineering constructs (arteriovenous loop [AVL] vs. non-AVL).
- Systemic injection of quantum dot-labeled BMMNCs and subsequent fluorescence microscopy analysis.
Main Results:
- BMMNCs were detected in AVL constructs significantly more than in non-AVL constructs (p <0.0001).
- Increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) was observed in AVL constructs.
- Enhanced expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 was noted in AVL constructs, but SDF1 expression showed no significant difference.
Conclusions:
- Axially vascularized constructs effectively attract BMMNCs, particularly in central regions.
- Hypoxia associated with robust tissue formation likely drives this BMMNC recruitment.
- The SDF1-CXCR4-7 axis may play a role, but hypoxia appears to be a primary factor in this model.
