Halothane and enflurane metabolite elimination during anaesthesia in man

Ten patients received 0.75% halothane and 12 received 1.5% enflurane for 1 h in a 50:50 nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture. Plasma and end-tidal concentrations were measured by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) using the head-space method. Fluoride ion assay was performed with a specific electrode by HPLC, trifluoroacetate and oxalate ion levels were determined after extraction, by GLC. Comparison of the evolution of the non-metabolized forms showed that enflurane was more rapidly eliminated: by the third hour after starting, enflurane plasma concentrations were 3.6 micrograms ml-1 compared with 6.3 micrograms ml-1 for halothane. Fluoride plasma levels were nearly constant in the halothane group, but a significant increase up to 14.9 microM was observed in the enflurane group. The ratio of 10:1 in peak urinary concentrations was linked to the molecular structure and the metabolic pathways.